Puddling and heating furnace



(No Model.)

.T. H. BENNETT.

PUDDLING AND HEATING FURNACE.

No. 311,802. Patented. Feb. 3, 1885.

Eya? J2 l/ W/ I t- NITE a'rnnir met,

THOMAS H. BENNETT, OF IRONTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF TVVO-THIBDS TO D. LINNGOUOH, OF SAME'PLAOE, AND A. L. STOUT, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

PUDDLING AND HEATING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,802, dated February3, 1885.

Application filed March 7', 1884. (No model.)

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Tnonas H. BENNETT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ironton, in the county of Lawrence and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Paddling and HeatingFurnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces for puddliug orheatingiron; and the objects of my improvements are, first, to ecoiromize fuel in the processes of puddling and of heating iron; second, toso thoroughly fuse the flue-cinder that it shall readily flow off whenlapped; third, to cause a more powerful draft through the furnace,and,fourth, to prevent the passing off of black smoke and oftensive gases bythe chiiinney. I attain these objects by means of the furnaceillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l isaverticallongitudinal section of a puddling furnace embodying my improvements.Fig. 2is atop view of the same. Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical sectionthrough line L M, Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a face and edge view of a singlebrick with an air-hole through it.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the severalviews.

A A are air holes or passages made through bricks in the crown of thefurnace. B is the 33 neck of the furnace. O is the tap-hole for finecinder. D is the stoke-hole. E is the firegrate. F is the ash-pit. G isthe fire-bridge.. H is the flue-bridge. I is the charging'door. J is thechimney or fine. K is the crown of the furnace.

I build this furnace of the materials, dimensions, and designs in usefor other puddlingf urnaces; but I make one or more air-passages, A A,through its crown K, and leading from 40 the outer air into the neck 13of the furnace. To make these air-passages A A, I use the brickillustrated by Fig. 4t, having ahole, A, through it from one bed-face tothe other. I lay these brick on end in longitudinal courses, as shown 5in Fig. 1, so that their air-holes A form acontinuous air-passage, A A,from the front of the furnace to the beginning of the neck 13, as shownin Figs. 1 and 2.

I have shown two air-passages, A A, Figs. 2 l

and 3; but Iuse one or two or more,according l weaken the crown K in anymanner.

to circumstances. I find it desirable to make my perforated brick longerthan the ordinary brick used for building the crown of a paddling-furnace. So, when the ordinary brick are nine inches long, I makemy perforated 5 brick about twelve inches long, so as not to I find oneinch and a half a suitable diameter for hole A; but it may be madelarger or smaller, pro; vided it gives air'passages capable of admittingthe quantity ofair required. I use a slidevalve at the outer end of theair-passages AA to close, open, or partly open the air-passages A A, asmay be desired. I have not shown this slide in the drawings, asitisawell-known device, and is easily applied. It. will be observed thatthese flues receive air at the front only of the .furnaeaand not at apoint between its front and rear extremities. It will also be noted thatthese air-passages are located directly over the fuel-chamber and theheatingchamber of the furnace, and that they extend in an unbroken linefrom the front of the former to the rear of the latter. It will also beperceived that the heated currents are dis charged not into thefuel-chamber, or into the heating-chamber, or into the flue above thebridge-wa] l,but are delivered at a point behind all these. It willfurther be observed that the currents pass in a practically direct linefrom the extreme front of the furnace to the rear of the puddling orheating chamber without defleeting or retarding angles, and that attheir point of discharge into the neck they do not operate to obstructor turn aside the currents 8 5 from the puddlingchamber to the chimney,but, flowing in the same direction and mingling with such currents,their added oxygen contributes to intensify the combustion, therebyeonsuming all carbonaceous substances and greatly accelerating thedraft. This construction, it will be seen, is quite distinct, both inpurpose and effect, from that in which air is received unheated and by adownward discharge into the neck of the furnace. 5

This furnace is started and worked like other puddllug-furnaces; butwhen a fire is kindled in it a draft is developed in chimney J, andcrown K is heated to a high temperature. The draft in chimney .I drawsair through the loo passages A A from the outer air into neck B,

and this air gets heated while passing through the hot brick. Whenthishot air enters neck B it mixes with the flame and hot gases pass--ing off from the furnace, and its oxygen combines with and burns up allunconsumed carbon and combustible gasesit meets, This combustionintensifies the heat in the neck B to such a degree that the flue-cinderis thoroughly fused, and can be run off by tapping, also, the gases passfrom the neck B at so high a temperature that they give a powerful draftin chimney J, and this gives a greater draft through the furnace andfire-grate E, which burns up the coal completely, and so prevents theloss of fuel incident to the raking of the fire when the draft is bad.As the flue-cinder is thoroughly fused in neck B and can be tapped offthrough hole 0, the labor and the injury to the furnace incident to theremoval of the flue-cinder when solidified or viscid are avoided, andthe formation of tea-cups is any blowing apparatus; but. the method ofso connecting them is obvious and need not be specified.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a furnace for puddling or heating, the combinatiomwith the fueland puddling chambers', of an air-passage, A A,within the crown of thefurnace, extending from the front of the fuel-chamber to the rear of thepuddling-chaniher, and discharging into the front of the neck,substantially as described.

2. In a puddling or heating furnace, an air passage or flue, A A,extending fromthe front of the furnace along the crown thereof to therear of the puddling-chainber, such fiue being composed of a series ofsections, A, placed face to face, and each provided with a single per- Vforation, as described.

3. In a furnace, one or more airlines, A A,

extending along the crown of the furnace from the front of the same tothe rear of the heating-chamber, and discharging into the front portionof the neck of the furnace, the upper portion of the neck constituting acontinuation substantially in the same downwardly and rearwardlyinclined plane of the upperportion of such fines, substantially asdescribed.

THOMAS H. BENNETT. \Vitnesses:

WM. F. HASENAUER, HENRY G. SMYTI-I.

